Octavian—Augustus Caesar (28 B.C. – 14 A.D.)

Tiberius (14 – 37)

Gaius (Caligula) (37 – 41)

Claudius (41 – 54)

Nero (54 – 68)

Galba (68 – 69)

Otho (69)

Vitellius (69)

Vespasian (69 – 79)

Titus (79 – 81)

Domitian (81 – 96)

Nerva (96 – 98)

Trajan (98 – 117)

Hadrian (117 – 138)

Antonius Pius (138 – 161)

Marcus Aurelius (161 – 180)

Commodus (180 – 192)

Pertinax (192 – 193)

Didius Julianus (193)

Severus (193 – 211)

Antoninus (Caracalla) (211 – 217)

Macrinus (217 – 218)

Diadumenianus (218)

Elagabalus (218 – 222)

Alexander (222 – 235)

Maximin (235 – 238)

Gordian I (238)

Gordian II (238)

Gordian III (238 – 244)

Philip, the Arab (244 – 249)

Decius (249 – 251)

Gallus (251 – 253)

Aemilianus (253)

Valerian (253 – 261)

With Gallienus (253 – 261)

Gallienus only (261 – 268)

Claudius II (268 – 270)

Aurelian (270 – 275)

Tacitus (275 – 276)

Florianus (276)

Probus (276 – 282)

Carus (282 – 283)

Numerianus (283 – 284)

Diocletian (284 – 305)

With Maximin (286 – 308)

Constantius, Galerius, Maximin (305-306)

Galerius, Constantine, Maxentius, and Maximin (306)

Licinius also (308)

Galerius dies (311)

Maxentius dies (312)

Maximin dies (313)

Licinius dies (324)

Constantine sole emperor (324 – 337)

Constantius II (337 – 361)

Julian the Apostate (361 – 363)

Jovian (363 – 364)

Valentinian I (364 – 375)

Valens (364 – 378)

Gratian (367 – 378)

Valentinian II (375 – 392)

Theodosius I (The Great) (378 – 395)

The Roman Empire partitioned

between the two sons of Theodosius:

Arcadius, Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire

Honorius, Emperor of the Western Roman Empire